BSC 2347 Heart Disease Discussion

BSC 2347 Heart Disease Discussion

BSC2347 Human Anatomy and Physiology
II

Module 02 Discussion

Heart Disease

According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention
(2015), cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of deaths in the
United States, equating to about 1 in every 4 deaths, even though CVD is
largely preventable. Recently, various studies have shown promise with stem
cell therapy treating heart disease.

Research stem cell therapy in the treatment of heart disease
and the possible promises it has as a therapy. In your post, address the
following questions.

Should science and healthcare professionals pursue this a
treatment option for heart disease? Why or why not?

What obstacles and issues would scientists need to overcome
in order for stem cell therapy to become a mainstream treatment for heart
disease?

Which types of CVD could be treated with stem cell therapy?

What kind of financial/societal impacts would stem cell therapy
have on the healthcare system?

Reference

CDC. (2015). Division for Heart Disease and Stroke
Prevention. Retrieved from
https://www.cdc.gov/dhdsp/data_statistics/fact_sheets/fs_heart_disease.htm

Please make your initial post by midweek, and respond to at
least one other student’s post by the end of the week. Please check the Course
Calendar for specific due dates.

Heart disease refers to any condition affecting the heart. There are many types, some of which are preventable.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States. Around 1 in 4 deathsTrusted Source in the U.S. occur due to heart disease, and the condition affects all genders as well as all racial and ethnic groups.

In this article, learn more about the types, causes, and symptoms of heart disease. This article also covers risk factors and treatment.

Types
Heart disease refers to any condition affecting the cardiovascular system. There are several different types of heart disease, and they affect the heart and blood vessels in different ways.

The sections below look at some different types of heart disease in more detail.

Coronary artery disease
Coronary artery disease, also known as coronary heart disease, is the most common type of heart disease.

It develops when the arteries that supply blood to the heart become clogged with plaque. This causes them to harden and narrow. Plaque contains cholesterol and other substances.

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As a result, the blood supply reduces, and the heart receives less oxygen and fewer nutrients. In time, the heart muscle weakens, and there is a risk of heart failure and arrhythmias.

When plaque builds up in the arteries, it is called atherosclerosis. Plaque in the arteries can rupture from blockages and cause blood flow to stop, which can lead to a heart attack.

Congenital heart defects
A person with a congenital heart defect is born with a heart problem. There are many types of congenital heart defects, including:

Atypical heart valves: Valves may not open properly, or they may leak blood.
Septal defects: There is a hole in the wall between either the lower chambers or the upper chambers of the heart.
Atresia: One of the heart valves is missing.
Congenital heart disease can involve major structural issues, such as the absence of a ventricle or problems with unusual connections between the main arteries that leave the heart.

Many congenital heart defects do not cause any noticeable symptoms and only become apparent during a routine medical check.

According to the American Heart Association (AHA), heart murmurs often affect children, but only some are due to a defect.

Arrhythmia
Arrhythmia refers to an irregular heartbeat. It occurs when the electrical impulses that coordinate the heartbeat do not work correctly. As a result, the heart may beat too quickly, too slowly, or erratically.

There are various types of arrhythmias, including:

Tachycardia: This refers to a rapid heartbeat.
Bradycardia: This refers to a slow heartbeat.
Premature contractions: This refers to an early heartbeat.
Atrial fibrillation: This is a type of irregular heartbeat.
A person may notice a feeling like a fluttering or a racing heart.

In some cases, arrhythmias can be life threatening or have severe complications.

Dilated cardiomyopathy
In dilated cardiomyopathy, the heart chambers become dilated, meaning that the heart muscle stretches and becomes thinner. The most common causes of dilated cardiomyopathy are past heart attacks, arrhythmias, and toxins, but genetics can also play a role.

As a result, the heart becomes weaker and cannot pump blood properly. It can result in arrhythmia, blood clots in the heart, and heart failure.

It usually affects people aged 20–60 years, according to the AHA.