feedback process in which the output of a given system is returned to the system health dynamic state in which individuals adapt to their internal and external environments so there is a state of physical, emotional, intellectual, social, and spiritual well-being domain the perspective of a profession that provides the subject, central concepts, values and beliefs, phenomena of interest, and central problems of a discipline paradigm a pattern of thought that is useful in describing the domain of a discipline. person the recipient of nursing care, including individual patients, groups, families, and communities nursing the diagnosis and treatment of human responses to actual or potential health problems theory designed to explain a phenomenon such as self-care or caring nursing theory a conceptualization of some aspect of nursing that describes, explains, predicts, or prescribes nursing care phenomenon the term, description, or label given to describe an idea or responses about an event, a situation, a process, a group of events, or a group of situations assumptions the “taken for granted” statements that explain the nature of the concepts, definitions, purpose, relationships, and structure of a theory grand theories theories that are systemic and broad in scope, complex, and therefore require further specification through research middle-range theories theories that are more limited in scope and less abstract.

Discussion: Feedback Process

They address a specific phenomenon and reflect practice descriptive theories theories that are the first level of theory development. They explain, relate, and in some situations predict nursing phenomena prescriptive theories theories that address nursing interventions for a phenomenon, describe the conditions under which the prescription occurs, and predict the consequences interdisciplinary theory theory that explains a systematic view of a phenomenon specific to the discipline of inquiry feedback serves to inform a system about how it functions Leininger’s the main concept of __ theory is cultural diversity, and the goal of nursing care is to provide the patient with culturally specific care Neuman the __ systems model is based on stress and the client’s reaction to the stressor. The role of nursing is to stabilize the patient Nightingale theory goal is to facilitate the reparative processes of the body by manipulating the patient’s environment Peplau theory goal is to develop interaction between nurse and patient Henderson theory goal is to work independently with other health care workers, assisting patient in gaining independence as quickly as possible; help patient gain lacking strength Orem theory goal is to care for and help patient attain total self-care King theory goal is to use communication to help patient reestablish positive adaptation to environment Neuman theory goal is to help individuals, families, and groups attain and maintain maximal levels of total wellness by purposeful interventions Leininger theory goal is to provide care consistent with nursing’s emerging science and knowledge with caring as central focus Roy theory goal is to identify types of demands placed on patient, assess adaptation to demands, and help patient adapt Watson theory goal is to promote health, restore patient to health, and prevent illness Benner and Wrubel theory goal is to focus on patient’s need for caring as a means of coping with stressors of illness the person, health, environment/situation, and nursing components of the paradigm of nursing explain a phenomenon a theory is a set of concepts, definitions, relationships, and assumptions that: Orem A patient with diabetes is controlling the disease wit insulin and diet. The nursing health care provider is focusing efforts to teach the patient self-management. What nursing theory is useful in promoting self management? describe or predict patient outcomes theory-based nursing practice uses a theoretical approach for nursing care. This approach moves nursing forward and a science. This suggests that theories will be tested to: interdisciplinary to practice in today’s health care environment, nurses need a strong scientific knowledge base from nursing and other disciplines such as the physical, social, and behavioral sciences.

Discussion: Feedback Process

This statement identifies the need for which theory? developmental __ theories describe the life processes of an older adult facing chronic illness nursing and related sciences, standards of practice a nurse is applying Henderson’s theory as basis for theory based-nursing practice. What elements are important for theory-based nursing practice? theory-generating __ research identifies observations or describes a phenomena. It contributes to the scientific knowledge base of nursing. prescriptive __ theories address specific nursing interventions and predict the patient response experimental and nonexperimental research and research from other disciplines as an art nursing relies on knowledge gained from practice and reflection on past experiences. As a science nursing relies on.

You must proofread your paper. But do not strictly rely on your computer’s spell-checker and grammar-checker; failure to do so indicates a lack of effort on your part and you can expect your grade to suffer accordingly. Papers with numerous misspelled words and grammatical mistakes will be penalized. Read over your paper – in silence and then aloud – before handing it in and make corrections as necessary. Often it is advantageous to have a friend proofread your paper for obvious errors. Handwritten corrections are preferable to uncorrected mistakes.

Use a standard 10 to 12 point (10 to 12 characters per inch) typeface. Smaller or compressed type and papers with small margins or single-spacing are hard to read. It is better to let your essay run over the recommended number of pages than to try to compress it into fewer pages.

Likewise, large type, large margins, large indentations, triple-spacing, increased leading (space between lines), increased kerning (space between letters), and any other such attempts at “padding” to increase the length of a paper are unacceptable, wasteful of trees, and will not fool your professor.

The paper must be neatly formatted, double-spaced with a one-inch margin on the top, bottom, and sides of each page. When submitting hard copy, be sure to use white paper and print out using dark ink. If it is hard to read your essay, it will also be hard to follow your argument.

 

ADDITIONAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CLASS

Discussion Questions (DQ)

Initial responses to the DQ should address all components of the questions asked, include a minimum of one scholarly source, and be at least 250 words.
Successful responses are substantive (i.e., add something new to the discussion, engage others in the discussion, well-developed idea) and include at least one scholarly source.
One or two sentence responses, simple statements of agreement or “good post,” and responses that are off-topic will not count as substantive. Substantive responses should be at least 150 words.
I encourage you to incorporate the readings from the week (as applicable) into your responses.
Weekly Participation

Your initial responses to the mandatory DQ do not count toward participation and are graded separately.
In addition to the DQ responses, you must post at least one reply to peers (or me) on three separate days, for a total of three replies.
Participation posts do not require a scholarly source/citation (unless you cite someone else’s work).
Part of your weekly participation includes viewing the weekly announcement and attesting to watching it in the comments. These announcements are made to ensure you understand everything that is due during the week.
APA Format and Writing Quality

Familiarize yourself with APA format and practice using it correctly. It is used for most writing assignments for your degree. Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for APA paper templates, citation examples, tips, etc. Points will be deducted for poor use of APA format or absence of APA format (if required).
Cite all sources of information! When in doubt, cite the source. Paraphrasing also requires a citation.
I highly recommend using the APA Publication Manual, 6th edition.
Use of Direct Quotes

I discourage overutilization of direct quotes in DQs and assignments at the Masters’ level and deduct points accordingly.
As Masters’ level students, it is important that you be able to critically analyze and interpret information from journal articles and other resources. Simply restating someone else’s words does not demonstrate an understanding of the content or critical analysis of the content.
It is best to paraphrase content and cite your source.
LopesWrite Policy

For assignments that need to be submitted to LopesWrite, please be sure you have received your report and Similarity Index (SI) percentage BEFORE you do a “final submit” to me.
Once you have received your report, please review it. This report will show you grammatical, punctuation, and spelling errors that can easily be fixed. Take the extra few minutes to review instead of getting counted off for these mistakes.
Review your similarities. Did you forget to cite something? Did you not paraphrase well enough? Is your paper made up of someone else’s thoughts more than your own?
Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for tips on improving your paper and SI score.
Late Policy

The university’s policy on late assignments is 10% penalty PER DAY LATE. This also applies to late DQ replies.
Please communicate with me if you anticipate having to submit an assignment late. I am happy to be flexible, with advance notice. We may be able to work out an extension based on extenuating circumstances.
If you do not communicate with me before submitting an assignment late, the GCU late policy will be in effect.
I do not accept assignments that are two or more weeks late unless we have worked out an extension.
As per policy, no assignments are accepted after the last day of class. Any assignment submitted after midnight on the last day of class will not be accepted for grading.
Communication

Communication is so very important. There are multiple ways to communicate with me:
Questions to Instructor Forum: This is a great place to ask course content or assignment questions. If you have a question, there is a good chance one of your peers does as well. This is a public forum for the class.
Individual Forum: This is a private forum to ask me questions or send me messages. This will be checked at least once every 24 hours.