Discussion: Sexual Disorders

Discussion: Sexual Disorders

ORDER NOW FOR AN ORIGINAL PAPER ASSIGNMENT: Discussion: Sexual Disorders

Question Description
1)Discussion 5: Sexual Disorders (half a page single spaced , 3 citations with references, APA)
Select one disorder of interest from the DSM-5 covered this week. In your initial posting, discuss the diagnostic criteria, treatment options, and prognosis of the disorder. Use at least two current references other than the DSM-5. After you have posted your initial posting by the third day of the module, respond substantively to at least two peers by the end of the module.

2)REPONSE TO ERNESTINA. ¼ A PAGE, SINGLE SPACED AT LEAST ONE CITATION PLUS REFERENCE.

3)Delayed ejaculation (DE), usually known as retarded ejaculation, is noted under Orgasmic disorders for men, which is a persistent delay of orgasm that an individual experiences during normal sexual excitement phase (Butcher, Welliver, Sadowski, Botchway, & Kohler, 2015). The DE causes are identified as organic and psychogenic. The examples of organic DE is due to spinal cord injuries, genital trauma, medications, disease, aging, and alcohol. However, psychogenic, some of the causes are performance anxiety, resentment, fear of losing control, and arousal dysfunction (Blair, 2018). Hence, one must be sifted through patients with DE to identify the cause using critical thinking as future PMHNP.

4)Diagnostic Criteria

5)For an individual to be diagnosed, he must exhibit 75 to 100 percent of the symptoms without desiring delay in ejaculation or absence of ejaculation. Also, there must be a persistent delay in ejaculation or marked infrequency of ejaculation for about six months (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). The symptoms such as marked delay in the ejaculation of absence ejaculation cause significant distress to an individual. Individual sexual dysfunction is not as a result of severe relationship distress or related to substance use or medical problems (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).

6)Treatment

7)The recommended researched therapy for delayed ejaculation is psychosexual therapists (Blair, 2018). Other researchers also considered psychological interventions and pharmacological interventions. Psychological interventions are regarded as a client-centered and holistic approach.For example, psychological solutions consist of cognitive behavioral therapy and sex education (Abdel-Hamid & Ali, 2018) The process of educating and training masturbation retraining is a type of psychological intervention. Researchers are using psychotherapy to focus on areas of conflict and sensate focus exercise. Also, interacting an individual’s orientation from self to the partner and reducing sexual anxiety by teaching individuals to employ breathing techniques and relaxation (Abdel-Hamid & Ali, 2018). Pharmacologic therapies that are used to treat DE are uses as of labels since there has no been a concrete medication designated for it. The pharmacotherapies’ method includes testosterone, amantadine, bupropion, and midodrine (Abdel-Hamid & Ali, 2018).

8)Prognosis

9)Delayed ejaculation is due to genetic and physiological factors. Losing fast conducting peripheral sensory nerves and age-related decreased sex steroids are the known risk factors that lead to delayed ejaculation. The delayed ejaculation increases among men older than fifty years (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Hence as future PMHNP, we should address our clients with DE with the risk factors and educate them on the recommended treatments such as psychotherapy to prevent them from slipping into depression.

10)

11)

12) References

13) Abdel-Hamid, I. A. & Ali, O. I. (2018). Delayed ejaculation: Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. The World Journal of Men’s Health, 36 (1), 22–40. doi:10.5534/wjmh.17051

14) American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. (5th, Ed.) Washington, DC.

15) Blair, L. (2018). How difficult is it to treat delayed ejaculation within a short-term psychosexual model? A case study comparison. Sexual & Relationship Therapy, 33 (3), 298–308. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/14681994.2017.1365121

16) Butcher, M., Welliver, R., Sadowski, D., Botchway, A., & Kohler, T. S. (2015). How is delayed ejaculation defined and treated in North America? Andrology, 3, 626–631. doi: 10.1111/andr.12041

17)

18)

3) RESPONSE TO MATACHI ¼ A PAGE, SINGLED SPACED, 0NE CITATION PLUS REFERENCE.

Erectile disorder or dysfunction (ED) is the persistent inability to achieve or maintain an erection firm enough to have sex. Occasional ED isn’t uncommon. Many men experience it during times of stress. Frequent ED, however, can be a sign of health problems that need treatment. It can also be a sign of emotional or relationship difficulties. Organic causes are usually the result of an underlying medical condition affecting the blood vessels or nerves supplying the penis. Many prescription drugs, recreational drugs, alcohol, and smoking, can cause ED (MacGill, 2017).

Diagnostic Criteria

Diagnostic criteria for ED according to DSM-5 include:

A. At least one of the three following symptoms must be experienced on almost all or all

(approximately 75%–100%) occasions of sexual activity (in identified situational contexts

or, if generalized, in all contexts):

1. Marked difficulty in obtaining an erection during sexual activity.

2. Marked difficulty in maintaining an erection until the completion of sexual activity.

3. Marked decrease in erectile rigidity.

B. The symptoms in Criterion A have persisted for a minimum duration of approximately

6 months.

C. The symptoms in Criterion A cause clinically significant distress in the individual.

D. The sexual dysfunction is not better explained by a nonsexual mental disorder or as a

consequence of severe relationship distress or other significant stressors and is not attributable

to the effects of a substance/medication or another medical condition.

Specify whether:

Lifelong: The disturbance has been present since the individual became sexually active.

Acquired: The disturbance began after a period of relatively normal sexual function.

Specify whether:

Generalized: Not limited to certain types of stimulation, situations, or partners.

Situational: Only occurs with certain types of stimulation, situations, or partners.

Specify current severity:

Mild: Evidence of mild distress over the symptoms in Criterion A.

Moderate: Evidence of moderate distress over the symptoms in Criterion A.

Severe: Evidence of severe or extreme distress over the symptoms in Criterion A (APA, 2013).

Treatment Options

Treatment for ED will depend on the underlying cause. You may need to use a combination of treatments, including medication or talk therapy. Treatment options include,

Discussion: Sexual Disorders

Discussion: Sexual Disorders

Medications: Men can take a group of drugs called PDE-5 (phosphodiesterase-5) inhibitors. They stimulate blood flow to the penis to help treat ED. Example are, avanafil (Stendra), sildenafil (Viagra), tadalafil (Cialis), and vardenafil (Levitra, Staxyn). Alprostadil (Caverject, Edex, MUSE) is another medication that can be used to treat ED. It can be administered in two ways: as a penile suppository or as a self-injection at the base or side of the penis.

Testosterone therapy (TRT) may also be recommended if you have low levels of testosterone.

Psychosocial therapy: This includes,

1.Talk therapy: This helps to address major stress or anxiety factors, feelings around sex, and subconscious conflicts.

2.Relationship counseling: This can help patient and partner reconnect emotionally, which may also help ED.

Exercise: The best way to treat erectile dysfunction without medication is by strengthening the pelvic floor muscles with Kegel exercises.

Vaccum pumps: This treatment uses the creation of a vacuum to stimulate an erection (Seladi-Schulman, 2019).

Surgical treatments: There are several surgical treatment options:

1.Penile implants: These are a final option reserved for men who have not had any success with drug treatments and other non-invasive options.

2.Vascular surgery: This attempts to correct some blood vessel causes of ED.

Surgery is a last resort and will only be used in the most extreme cases. Recovery time varies, but success rates are high (MacGill, 2017).

Prognosis

Most cases of ED occur in men who were previously able to sustain an erection. The condition is usually reversible, but the chances of completely curing ED depend on the underlying cause. Secondary ED can be reversed and is often temporary. Primary ED may require more intensive and medical-based treatments. ED is usually treatable with medication or surgery. However, a person may be able to treat the underlying cause and reverse symptoms with no medication (Villines, 2018).

References

American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, (5th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association Publishing.

MacGill, M. (2017). What’s to know about erectile dysfunction? Retrieved from https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/5702

Seladi-Schulman, J. (2019). Everything You Need to Know About Erectile Dysfunction (ED). Retrieved from https://www.healthline.com/health/erectile-dysfunction

Villines, Z. (2018). Can erectile dysfunction be reversed? Retrieved from https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/322086

Discussion: Sexual Disorders

Discussion: Sexual Disorders

You must proofread your paper. But do not strictly rely on your computer’s spell-checker and grammar-checker; failure to do so indicates a lack of effort on your part and you can expect your grade to suffer accordingly. Papers with numerous misspelled words and grammatical mistakes will be penalized. Read over your paper – in silence and then aloud – before handing it in and make corrections as necessary. Often it is advantageous to have a friend proofread your paper for obvious errors. Handwritten corrections are preferable to uncorrected mistakes.

Use a standard 10 to 12 point (10 to 12 characters per inch) typeface. Smaller or compressed type and papers with small margins or single-spacing are hard to read. It is better to let your essay run over the recommended number of pages than to try to compress it into fewer pages.

Likewise, large type, large margins, large indentations, triple-spacing, increased leading (space between lines), increased kerning (space between letters), and any other such attempts at “padding” to increase the length of a paper are unacceptable, wasteful of trees, and will not fool your professor.

The paper must be neatly formatted, double-spaced with a one-inch margin on the top, bottom, and sides of each page. When submitting hard copy, be sure to use white paper and print out using dark ink. If it is hard to read your essay, it will also be hard to follow your argument.

ADDITIONAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CLASS

Discussion Questions (DQ)

Initial responses to the DQ should address all components of the questions asked, include a minimum of one scholarly source, and be at least 250 words.
Successful responses are substantive (i.e., add something new to the discussion, engage others in the discussion, well-developed idea) and include at least one scholarly source.
One or two sentence responses, simple statements of agreement or “good post,” and responses that are off-topic will not count as substantive. Substantive responses should be at least 150 words.
I encourage you to incorporate the readings from the week (as applicable) into your responses.
Weekly Participation

Your initial responses to the mandatory DQ do not count toward participation and are graded separately.
In addition to the DQ responses, you must post at least one reply to peers (or me) on three separate days, for a total of three replies.
Participation posts do not require a scholarly source/citation (unless you cite someone else’s work).
Part of your weekly participation includes viewing the weekly announcement and attesting to watching it in the comments. These announcements are made to ensure you understand everything that is due during the week.
APA Format and Writing Quality

Familiarize yourself with APA format and practice using it correctly. It is used for most writing assignments for your degree. Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for APA paper templates, citation examples, tips, etc. Points will be deducted for poor use of APA format or absence of APA format (if required).
Cite all sources of information! When in doubt, cite the source. Paraphrasing also requires a citation.
I highly recommend using the APA Publication Manual, 6th edition.
Use of Direct Quotes

I discourage overutilization of direct quotes in DQs and assignments at the Masters’ level and deduct points accordingly.
As Masters’ level students, it is important that you be able to critically analyze and interpret information from journal articles and other resources. Simply restating someone else’s words does not demonstrate an understanding of the content or critical analysis of the content.
It is best to paraphrase content and cite your source.
LopesWrite Policy

For assignments that need to be submitted to LopesWrite, please be sure you have received your report and Similarity Index (SI) percentage BEFORE you do a “final submit” to me.
Once you have received your report, please review it. This report will show you grammatical, punctuation, and spelling errors that can easily be fixed. Take the extra few minutes to review instead of getting counted off for these mistakes.
Review your similarities. Did you forget to cite something? Did you not paraphrase well enough? Is your paper made up of someone else’s thoughts more than your own?
Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for tips on improving your paper and SI score.
Late Policy

The university’s policy on late assignments is 10% penalty PER DAY LATE. This also applies to late DQ replies.
Please communicate with me if you anticipate having to submit an assignment late. I am happy to be flexible, with advance notice. We may be able to work out an extension based on extenuating circumstances.
If you do not communicate with me before submitting an assignment late, the GCU late policy will be in effect.
I do not accept assignments that are two or more weeks late unless we have worked out an extension.
As per policy, no assignments are accepted after the last day of class. Any assignment submitted after midnight on the last day of class will not be accepted for grading.
Communication

Communication is so very important. There are multiple ways to communicate with me:
Questions to Instructor Forum: This is a great place to ask course content or assignment questions. If you have a question, there is a good chance one of your peers does as well. This is a public forum for the class.
Individual Forum: This is a private forum to ask me questions or send me messages. This will be checked at least once every 24 hours.