Improve the Publics Health in USA Discussion

Improve the Publics Health in USA Discussion

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Question Description
I’m working on a Nursing question and need guidance to help me study.

Heather Leach

RE: Discussion – Week 6

COLLAPSE

WK6 Main Discussion Post

Nurses have worked to improve the public’s health in the U.S. for over 130 years (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2020). From the establishment of professional nursing to advocacy to policy development, nurses have made contributions to improve healthcare. Nurses have the responsibility to advocate for equal rights in healthcare to reduce morbidity and mortality. However, the government ultimately has the power the approve changes to the healthcare system. In 1988 the Institute of Medicine (IOM) reported a reduction in political support and financing therefore limiting public health services (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2020). The U.S. has struggled with providing affordable and accessible healthcare for decades and lacks in social justice.

When I think of the words “social justice,” the words that come to mind are rights, equality, and safety. Distributive or social justice is an ethical principle requiring a fair distribution of benefits and burdens based on society’s needs (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2020). In healthcare, this would be equal to socialized medical care in which everyone has access to healthcare regardless of race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. Socioeconomic status plays a significant role in the accessibility to healthcare and the outcomes of public health (Laureate Education, 2009c). Especially among the homeless population. There are over three million homeless in the U.S., and most do not receive healthcare (Laureate Education, 2009c). Nurses have advocated for improved healthcare through organizations and policy-making, but the U.S. continues to have a flawed healthcare system.

The U.S. has the most expensive healthcare system globally but ranks last in providing affordable, accessible, and equitable healthcare (The Commonwealth Fund, 2014). We need to look at other countries such as the United Kingdom, Canada, and Sweden, as their healthcare systems offer equal access to their citizens. The United Kingdom’s government funds healthcare, offering equal access to healthcare and currently has the best healthcare system in the world(Holtz, 2017). When President Obama implemented the Patient Protection of an Affordable Care Act, I feel this was a step in the right direction. This healthcare reform aimed to provide universal coverage to reduce health insurance disparities (Courtemanche, Marton, Ukert, Yelowitz, Zapata, & Fazlul, 2019). However, there were flaws in this Act and left many being fined for not obtaining coverage. If I could wave a magic wand, I would implement universal healthcare such as that of the United Kingdom and Sweden. With equitability, I would expect to see a reduction of chronic diseases, improved mental health, reduced morbidity and mortality, and overall improved public health.

References:

Courtemanche, C., Marton, J., Ukert, B., Yelowitz, A., Zapata, D., & Fazlul, I. (2019). The

three-year impact of the Affordable Care Act on disparities in insurance coverage. Health

Services Research, 54 Suppl 1, 307-316. doi:10.111/1475-6773.13077

Holtz, C. (2017). Global health care: Issues and policies (3rd ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones &

Bartlett.

Laureate Education (Producer). (2009c). Family, community and population-based care:

Vulnerable populations [Video file]. Baltimore, MD: Author

Stanhope, M., & Lancaster, J. (2020). Public health nursing: Population-centered health care in

the community (10th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier

The Commonwealth Fund. (2014). Mirror, mirror on the wall, 2014 update: How the U. S.

health care system compares internationally. Retrieved from

http://wwwlcommonwealthfund.org/publications/fund-reports/2014/jun/mirror-mirror

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Keisha Marsolan

RE: Discussion – Week 6

COLLAPSE

Main Post

Social justice means that everyone in society deserves the right to fair and equal treatment. Regardless of age, race, sex, gender, region, creed, disability, political affiliation, nationality, who their parents were, or what part of town they live in, social justice is fairness across the board. Social justice is “the moral imperative to avoid and remediate unfair distributions of societal disadvantage” (Dukhanin et al., 2018, p. 27). Social justice is not the same as socialized medicine or communism. Socialized medicine offers medical services to anyone, regardless of their ability to pay, and is run by the government. The government has the final say in all decisions regarding medical services and how they are rendered, not the people. Communism is the opposite of democracy and capitalism. Communism advocates for “a system in which goods are owned in common and are available to all as needed”, you are not allowed to own property or your own business and “make something of yourself”, you are forced to stay on the same level as everyone around you (Merriam-Webster, n.d., para. 1). I agree with the idea of social justice; everyone deserves fair treatment.

The Constitution does state that everyone has the right to the pursuit of happiness, but I do not see what that has to do with whether the health care system is fair or not. I do not think the current health care system is fair. The insurance companies have been allowed to run medical costs up so much that many people cannot get the health care they need. The only people benefiting from this current system are the insurance companies.

If I could wave a wand and try to fix the health care system, I would remove the concept of insurance and implement a cash payment system. When the population pays cash for medical services, the cost of the services would be much more affordable. Consequently, there is an incentive for hospitals and medical clinics to provide the best care to patients to gain their business. As it stands, hospitals are forced to charge ridiculous amounts for services to pay the insurance companies, which in turn pass on the increased monetary burden to businesses that employ the same people that are using the hospitals/clinic services. Decreased wages, lay-offs, and increased insurance premiums are the result for the businesses to be able to stay in operation. For example, a CBC lab costs about $3 cash price; insurance companies charge $50 for the same test. Where do you think that money is coming from? That money does not come from the insurance companies; it comes from the taxpayers. If cash pricing were implemented, people everywhere would have the fairness of reasonable pricing for medical services and no price gouging by the insurance companies. It would be just like having to pay for groceries or getting your car fixed.

References

Dukhanin, V., Searle, A., Zwerling, A., Dowdy, D. W., Taylor, H. A., & Merritt, M. W. (2018). Integrating social justice concerns into economic evaluation for healthcare and public health: A systematic review. Social Science & Medicine, 198, 27–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.12.012

Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). [communism]. Retrieved October 5, 2020, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/communism

Improve the Publics Health in USA Discussion

Improve the Publics Health in USA Discussion

You must proofread your paper. But do not strictly rely on your computer’s spell-checker and grammar-checker; failure to do so indicates a lack of effort on your part and you can expect your grade to suffer accordingly. Papers with numerous misspelled words and grammatical mistakes will be penalized. Read over your paper – in silence and then aloud – before handing it in and make corrections as necessary. Often it is advantageous to have a friend proofread your paper for obvious errors. Handwritten corrections are preferable to uncorrected mistakes.

Use a standard 10 to 12 point (10 to 12 characters per inch) typeface. Smaller or compressed type and papers with small margins or single-spacing are hard to read. It is better to let your essay run over the recommended number of pages than to try to compress it into fewer pages.

Likewise, large type, large margins, large indentations, triple-spacing, increased leading (space between lines), increased kerning (space between letters), and any other such attempts at “padding” to increase the length of a paper are unacceptable, wasteful of trees, and will not fool your professor.

The paper must be neatly formatted, double-spaced with a one-inch margin on the top, bottom, and sides of each page. When submitting hard copy, be sure to use white paper and print out using dark ink. If it is hard to read your essay, it will also be hard to follow your argument.

ADDITIONAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CLASS

Discussion Questions (DQ)

Initial responses to the DQ should address all components of the questions asked, include a minimum of one scholarly source, and be at least 250 words.
Successful responses are substantive (i.e., add something new to the discussion, engage others in the discussion, well-developed idea) and include at least one scholarly source.
One or two sentence responses, simple statements of agreement or “good post,” and responses that are off-topic will not count as substantive. Substantive responses should be at least 150 words.
I encourage you to incorporate the readings from the week (as applicable) into your responses.
Weekly Participation

Your initial responses to the mandatory DQ do not count toward participation and are graded separately.
In addition to the DQ responses, you must post at least one reply to peers (or me) on three separate days, for a total of three replies.
Participation posts do not require a scholarly source/citation (unless you cite someone else’s work).
Part of your weekly participation includes viewing the weekly announcement and attesting to watching it in the comments. These announcements are made to ensure you understand everything that is due during the week.
APA Format and Writing Quality

Familiarize yourself with APA format and practice using it correctly. It is used for most writing assignments for your degree. Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for APA paper templates, citation examples, tips, etc. Points will be deducted for poor use of APA format or absence of APA format (if required).
Cite all sources of information! When in doubt, cite the source. Paraphrasing also requires a citation.
I highly recommend using the APA Publication Manual, 6th edition.
Use of Direct Quotes

I discourage overutilization of direct quotes in DQs and assignments at the Masters’ level and deduct points accordingly.
As Masters’ level students, it is important that you be able to critically analyze and interpret information from journal articles and other resources. Simply restating someone else’s words does not demonstrate an understanding of the content or critical analysis of the content.
It is best to paraphrase content and cite your source.
LopesWrite Policy

For assignments that need to be submitted to LopesWrite, please be sure you have received your report and Similarity Index (SI) percentage BEFORE you do a “final submit” to me.
Once you have received your report, please review it. This report will show you grammatical, punctuation, and spelling errors that can easily be fixed. Take the extra few minutes to review instead of getting counted off for these mistakes.
Review your similarities. Did you forget to cite something? Did you not paraphrase well enough? Is your paper made up of someone else’s thoughts more than your own?
Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for tips on improving your paper and SI score.
Late Policy

The university’s policy on late assignments is 10% penalty PER DAY LATE. This also applies to late DQ replies.
Please communicate with me if you anticipate having to submit an assignment late. I am happy to be flexible, with advance notice. We may be able to work out an extension based on extenuating circumstances.
If you do not communicate with me before submitting an assignment late, the GCU late policy will be in effect.
I do not accept assignments that are two or more weeks late unless we have worked out an extension.
As per policy, no assignments are accepted after the last day of class. Any assignment submitted after midnight on the last day of class will not be accepted for grading.
Communication

Communication is so very important. There are multiple ways to communicate with me:
Questions to Instructor Forum: This is a great place to ask course content or assignment questions. If you have a question, there is a good chance one of your peers does as well. This is a public forum for the class.
Individual Forum: This is a private forum to ask me questions or send me messages. This will be checked at least once every 24 hours.