NR 361 Week 4: Your Patient Has a Personal Health Record . . . Now What?
NR 361 Week 4: Your Patient Has a Personal Health Record . . . Now What?
NR 361 Week 4: Your Patient Has a Personal Health Record . . . Now What?
Pros and Cons of The Situation in The Case Study
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The pros of accessibility to a limited data in PHR (Public Health Records) are related to the integrity keeping of patient’s mental health. Since, the patient is suffering from a terminal illness (non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma) and it is inappropriate and unethical to make the serious revelations about the patients’ health to her directly. Direct revelations may have psychological effects on patients’ health and may worsen the condition. According to Lester, Boateng, Studeny, & Coustasse (2016), mostly patients over 65 years of age possess less medical knowledge and therefore they should be less educated about their condition. The possible cons of limited data access is inclusive of the difficulty faced by physicians in making decisions about the treatment intervention if there is interoperability between different health care systems. Moreover, if any medical error occurs, then they cannot be rectified instantly.
Safeguards in Patient Portals and PHRs to Ensure Safety
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According to Wolff, Darer, & Larsen (2016), HIPAA has given rules to safeguard the PHR data. These rules can give patient and their trusted relatives’ access to information regarding a patient’s health and appropriate usage. Wang (2015), addressed that the security issues should be solved by adapting to new technologies such as smart meters, Low-Power Personal Area Networks, cellular networks, RFID (Radio-Frequency Indication), sensing devices to maintain the privacy of patient information.
Patient Obtaining Personal Health Records
Physicians need to store data of their patients. The system by which data is stored electronically gives rise to EHR. The data is entered in EHR directly by physicians however one approach is to make patients the guardian of their data themselves called PHR (Roehrs, da Costa, Righi, & de Oliveira 2017). In PHR the login details of the account are provided to patient. The patient can monitor their data and can see their wellness. I agree with this method because in this way patients are well aware of their past and present medical status. The record of medications and drug interaction allows the patient to be more careful and take precautions regarding drug use.
Challenges for Patients Not Having Access to All of PHRs
The PHR where there is read-only information provided is called tethered PHR that is linked to health care organization. Due to restricted access to some PHR, the patient is not able to know about all of their diagnostic, treatment interventions leaving them to have mental stress. However, a portion of PHR access is beneficial for the patient because some patients might not have the literacy level to understand the medical terminologies and knowledge of computers. Data confidentiality is another issue due to which limited access is granted to patients. However, interoperability should be established between different health care settings and diagnostic labs so that problems are not faced when a patient visits multiple health care facilities. Moreover, the relevant physician should have an easy connection to the patient’s past and present medical conditions from PHRs (Al-Sahan & Saddik 2016).
References
Al-Sahan A MSc (HI), & Saddik B PhD, MPH (2016). Perceived challenges for adopting the Personal Health Record (PHR) at Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA)- Riyadh. Online journal of public health informatics, 8(3), e205. https://doi.org/10.5210/ojphi.v8i3.6845
Lester, M., Boateng, S., Studeny, J., & Coustasse, A. (2016). Personal Health Records: Beneficial or Burdensome for Patients and Healthcare Providers?. Perspectives in health information management, 13(Spring), 1h.
Roehrs, A., da Costa, C. A., Righi, R. D., & de Oliveira, K. S. (2017). Personal Health Records: A Systematic Literature Review. Journal of medical Internet research, 19(1), e13. https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.5876
Wang, C. K. (2015). Security and privacy of personal health record, electronic medical record and health information. Problems and perspectives in management, (13, Iss. 4), 19-26.
Wolff, J. L., Darer, J. D., & Larsen, K. L. (2016). Family caregivers and consumer health information technology. Journal of general internal medicine, 31(1), 117-121.
Case Study: A 65-year-old woman was just been diagnosed with Stage 3 non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. She was informed of this diagnosis in her primary care physician’s office. She leaves her physician’s office and goes home to review all of her tests and lab results with her family. She goes home and logs into her PHR. She is only able to pull up a portion of her test results. She calls her physician’s office with concern. The office staff discussed that she had gone to receive part of her lab work at a lab not connected to the organization, part was completed at the emergency room, and part was completed in the lab that is part of the doctor’s office organization.
The above scenario might be a scenario that you have commonly worked with in clinical practice. For many reasons, patients often receive healthcare from multiple organizations that might have different systems.
As you review this scenario, reflect and answer these questions for this discussion.
- What are the pros and cons of the situation in the case study?
- What safeguards are included in patient portals and PHRs to help patients and healthcare professionals ensure safety?
- Do you agree or disagree with this process?
- What are challenges for patients that do not have access to all of the EHRs? Remember, only portions of the EHRs are typically included in the PHRs.
APA Writing Checklist
Use this document as a checklist for each paper you will write throughout your GCU graduate
program. Follow specific instructions indicated in the assignment and use this checklist to help ensure correct grammar and APA formatting. Refer to the APA resources available in the GCU Library and Student Success Center.
☐ APA paper template (located in the Student Success Center/Writing Center) is utilized for the correct format of the paper. APA style is applied, and format is correct throughout.
☐ The title page is present. APA format is applied correctly. There are no errors.
☐ The introduction is present. APA format is applied correctly. There are no errors.
☐ Topic is well defined.
☐ Strong thesis statement is included in the introduction of the paper.
☐ The thesis statement is consistently threaded throughout the paper and included in the conclusion.
☐ Paragraph development: Each paragraph has an introductory statement, two or three sentences as the body of the paragraph, and a transition sentence to facilitate the flow of information. The sections of the main body are organized to reflect the main points of the author. APA format is applied correctly. There are no errors.
☐ All sources are cited. APA style and format are correctly applied and are free from error.
☐ Sources are completely and correctly documented on a References page, as appropriate to assignment and APA style, and format is free of error.
Scholarly Resources: Scholarly resources are written with a focus on a specific subject discipline and usually written by an expert in the same subject field. Scholarly resources are written for an academic audience.
Examples of Scholarly Resources include: Academic journals, books written by experts in a field, and formally published encyclopedias and dictionaries.
Peer-Reviewed Journals: Peer-reviewed journals are evaluated prior to publication by experts in the journal’s subject discipline. This process ensures that the articles published within the journal are academically rigorous and meet the required expectations of an article in that subject discipline.
Empirical Journal Article: This type of scholarly resource is a subset of scholarly articles that reports the original finding of an observational or experimental research study. Common aspects found within an empirical article include: literature review, methodology, results, and discussion.
Adapted from “Evaluating Resources: Defining Scholarly Resources,” located in Research Guides in the GCU Library.
☐ The writer is clearly in command of standard, written, academic English. Utilize writing resources such as Grammarly, LopesWrite report, and ThinkingStorm to check your writing.
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