NR 505 Week 3: Elements of Quantitative Research: Design and Sampling Discussion

NR 505 Week 3: Elements of Quantitative Research: Design and Sampling Discussion

NR 505 Week 3: Elements of Quantitative Research: Design and Sampling Discussion

The single quantitative research study article that I have chosen is an article that discusses; does aerobic exercise reduce postpartum depressive symptoms? Throughout this article it looks at the population of mothers that are one year or less postpartum and women with depressive symptoms that are measured by a questionnaire or diagnostic tool (Pritchett, Daley, & Jolly, 2017).  This particular research study I would have to say is non experimental because there is intervention but one does not have control over whether or not these postpartum mothers exercise and how much they exercise, they have to go by what they say they do and the intensity of their exercise.

Intervention is that there were different trial groups which included; group exercise interventions, exercise counseling was provided and the participant was allowed to choose their own form of exercise (Pritchett, Daley, & Jolly, 2017).  They were aiming to achieve approximately 30 minutes of moderate exercise three to five times weekly.  The observation/data collected during this was to see if exercise had an effect on decreasing depressive symptoms in postpartum women. The study did find that overall exercise is an effective treatment for postpartum depression. The random assignments were of women whom chose their own exercise that they did, women that were assigned to groups for exercise, and other women that received exercise counseling (Pritchett, Daley, & Jolly, 2017).

When looking at probability vs non-probability for this article I would have to go with non-probability for this because this just focuses on postpartum women, so not all postpartum women if they are one year of having a baby would not qualify for this study. Non-probability is when not every member of the population has the same chance of being included in the study. This study focuses on women whom are one year or less postpartum.

An advantage to using non-probability is the population being studied is narrowed down to just mothers whom are one year postpartum. A disadvantage to this is that postpartum depression can last past one year of childbirth in some women. So these women are being excluded from the study.

A random assignment was used for this study as women were either in a group, had counseling, or chose the exercise that they wanted to do. This can strengthen the study as it narrows down what area was most effective whether it be exercise in a group setting, individualized, or the counseling about exercise.

Pritchett, R. V., Daley, A. J., & Jolly, K. (2017). Does aerobic exercise reduce postpartum depressive symptoms? British Journal of General Practice, 67. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp17x692525 (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.

The focus of the Week 3 discussion is on two important elements of quantitative research studies- design and sampling. The approach or design, quantitative or qualitative, also applies to EBP projects. Both quantitative and qualitative have different designs or traditions that fall under these two broad categories.

Select a single-study quantitative research study article related to your specialty track and provide the permalink to the article. Then discuss each of the following items.

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• Identify whether the research study design is experimental, quasiexperimental, or nonexperimental. Provide the rationale for your answer.
• Identify the appropriate representation for the research study article you selected using the nomenclature of X for intervention, O for observation and data collection, and R for random a assignment to a research study group.
• Identify the type of sampling (probability vs. nonprobability) that was used in the research study article you selected.
• Identify one advantage and one disadvantage to the sampling type used (probability vs. nonprobability).
• Identify whether there was random assignment to research study groups in the research study article you have selected.
• If random assignment to groups was used, how does this strengthen the research study design?

I chose a qualitative research study that looked at primary care physicians and how they screen for military service and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study is pertinent to my PICo question, are post war veterans at a higher risk for suicide as they re-integrate into society? As a future nurse practitioner (NP), I see a correlation with health care providers understanding if their patients have served in the military and if they may be experiencing physical or mental symptoms that are adversely affecting their well-being as a way of reducing suicide risk among veterans. Mohler & Sankey-Deemer (2017), discuss the link between PTSD and veteran suicide and how veteran suicide has been on the rise in the last ten years. Due to challenges with distance and access to a veteran health facility, Mohler (2017), discusses the importance of primary care physicians screening the patients for military service and any health concerns they may be experiencing as a result of time served.

Research study design: Non- Experimental

This study falls within the parameters of non-experimental because an intervention is not introduced, and the researchers are simply collecting data from primary care physicians. Polit & Beck (2017), discuss the researcher role in non-experimental study as simply being bystanders without introducing any treatments that could affect the data.

Representation for the research study: O

Type of sampling: Nonprobability

My rationale for choosing this sample style was simply by the wording of the sample description within the article. According to Mohler (2017), primary care physicians were located using online search engines, Facebook, provider directories, and professional directories and a comprehensive list of all primary care physicians within the chosen demographic area was not done. Rural primary care physicians were likely to have been excluded due to likelihood of being active and present on modern internet websites and search engines. Polit (2017), describes nonprobability as a sampling method in which every element does not have a chance to be included. An advantage to this sample method would be the ease in locating primary care physicians to participate and have a large sample of participants with which to work with. The disadvantage would be the likely hood of excluding rural primary care physicians when research has shown veterans in rural communities have a higher risk of suicide.

Random assignment: No random assignment was utilized.

According to Polit (2017), random assignment is used when assigning participants to treatment conditions or interventions. Because this was a non-experimental research design, no interventions were utilized and therefore no random assignment applied.

NR 505 Week 3: Elements of Quantitative Research: Design and Sampling Discussion

Permalink: https://chamberlainuniversity.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=f5h&AN=126079896&site=eds-live&scope=site (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.

Mohler, K. M., & Sankey-Deemer, C. (2017). Primary Care Providers and Screening for Military Service and PTSD. AJN American Journal of Nursing, 117(11), 22.

Polit, D. & Beck, C. (2017). Essentials of nursing research: Appraising evidence for nursing practice (9^th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer.

Instructor and class,

The single quantitative research study article that I have chosen is an article that discusses; does aerobic exercise reduce postpartum depressive symptoms? Throughout this article it looks at the population of mothers that are one year or less postpartum and women with depressive symptoms that are measured by a questionnaire or diagnostic tool (Pritchett, Daley, & Jolly, 2017).  This particular research study I would have to say is non experimental because there is intervention but one does not have control over whether or not these postpartum mothers exercise and how much they exercise, they have to go by what they say they do and the intensity of their exercise.

Intervention is that there were different trial groups which included; group exercise interventions, exercise counseling was provided and the participant was allowed to choose their own form of exercise (Pritchett, Daley, & Jolly, 2017).  They were aiming to achieve approximately 30 minutes of moderate exercise three to five times weekly.  The observation/data collected during this was to see if exercise had an effect on decreasing depressive symptoms in postpartum women. The study did find that overall exercise is an effective treatment for postpartum depression. The random assignments were of women whom chose their own exercise that they did, women that were assigned to groups for exercise, and other women that received exercise counseling (Pritchett, Daley, & Jolly, 2017).

When looking at probability vs non-probability for this article I would have to go with non-probability for this because this just focuses on postpartum women, so not all postpartum women if they are one year of having a baby would not qualify for this study. Non-probability is when not every member of the population has the same chance of being included in the study. This study focuses on women whom are one year or less postpartum.

An advantage to using non-probability is the population being studied is narrowed down to just mothers whom are one year postpartum. A disadvantage to this is that postpartum depression can last past one year of childbirth in some women. So these women are being excluded from the study.

A random assignment was used for this study as women were either in a group, had counseling, or chose the exercise that they wanted to do. This can strengthen the study as it narrows down what area was most effective whether it be exercise in a group setting, individualized, or the counseling about exercise.

Pritchett, R. V., Daley, A. J., & Jolly, K. (2017). Does aerobic exercise reduce postpartum depressive symptoms? British Journal of General Practice, 67. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp17x692525 (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.

For this week’s post, the article that was chosen is:

‘The Clock Keeps Ticking’ – The Role of a Community-Based Intervention in Reducing Delays in Seeking Emergency Obstetric Care in Rural Bangladesh: A Quasi-Experimental Stud

The permalink is:

https://chamberlainuniversity.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edselp&AN=S0033350614000110&site=eds-live&scope=site

This article was interesting and applicable to my specialty track as I am being asked to look at the OB program at my organization on a system level.  Currently I oversee two units that are based at each of our Regional Medical Centers.  Additionally, there are four other sites where OB care is delivered in our system.  These sites are critical access hospitals based in rural communities.  The access to emergency care at the rural sites when a higher level of care is needed is not always recognized.

The research study above that was explored this week is a quasiexperimental study.  Aside from the fact that this is part of the title, it is evident in the article that it is this type of study.  Throughout the article, the intervention and control group are mentioned.  The interventions are called out and the correlation between the interventions and the outcomes are described.

Banu, Akter, Begum, Choudhury, and Nasreen (2014), described  the “Improving Maternal, Neonatal and Child Survival project (IMNCS)”,  (p.333) that was implemented in some of the northern districts of Bangladesh in 2008 (X).  This project provided education and basic needs to both groups in the study as well as additional maternity care to the intervention group (Banu et al., 2014).  Data was collected (O) via interviews and review of medical records when available (Banu et al., 2014).  Random sampling (R) was used for selection of geographical areas, however, the IMNCS was specific to those northern Bangladesh regions.  Only women with obstetrical complications were included (R), (Banu et al., 2014).

Although there was a control group and an intervention group, non-probability sampling was utilized in this study.  The subjects were not randomly assigned to their respective groups.  The intervention and control groups were based on geographical location.  Having an obstetrical complication was common in both groups.  A disadvantage to this sampling is that not all variables may be represented equally in your study; and true cause and effect may be difficult to understand.  When randomization is used in a study, true varied sampling of a population is represented.

References

Banu, M., Akter, M., Bejum, K., Choudhury, R.H., Nasreen, H. E. (2014). ‘The clock keeps ticking’—The role of a community-based intervention in reducing delays in seeking emergency obstetric care in rural Bangladesh: A quasi-experimental study. Public Health, 128(4), 332-340. doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2014.01.009