NUR 550 Topic 1 DQ 1 Identify the different levels of translational research

NUR 550 Topic 1 DQ 1 Identify the different levels of translational research

Translation research, also known as implementation science, is testing implementation interventions to improve uptake and use of evidence to improve patient outcomes and population health. According to Titler, (2018) it is also a dynamic continuum from basic research through application of research findings in practice, communities, and public health settings to improve health and health outcomes. Titler, (2018) categories translation research into five phases:
Phase 0 or T0 is basic science research which involve Preclinical and animal studies.

Phase 1/ T1 (Bench to bedside) involves applying discoveries generated during research in the laboratory and in preclinical studies to the development of trials and human studies.

Phase 2/T2 (Bedside to community) ensures new treatment and research knowledge reach the target group and implemented properly.

Phase 3/ T3 are clinical trials testing the efficacy and safety with larger group of humans; compare to common treatments.

Phase 4/ T4 clinical trials and clinical outcomes research; translation to Practice

Phase 5/T5, Population-level outcomes research, translation to Community

Translation research is about moving knowledge from the basic sciences to clinical application, while Evidence-based practice (EBP) is the conscientious use of current best evidence in making decisions about patient care (Melnyk & Overholt, 2017).

Translation research includes turning scientific discoveries into practical applications, while EBP is critically assessing and applying that practical knowledge to patient care. A major part in managing population health is through translation research. It facilitates the creation of new approaches and tactics for population-level health care. Developing community-based interventions to manage chronic diseases or prevent disease in high-risk populations is one way that the results of translational research might be used. On the other hand, EBP makes sure that population health management tactics and treatments are grounded on strong evidence and work. It supports well-informed choices about population-level health policies and procedures.

Melnyk, B. M., & Fineout-Overholt, E. (2017). Evidence-Based practice. In J. Fitzpatrick (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Nursing Research. Springer Publishing Company. Retrieved January 12, 2024, https://search.credoreference.com/articles/Qm9va0FydGljbGU6NDY3NzgyOA==?aid=96349.

Titler, M. G. (2018). Translation Research in Practice: An Introduction. Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 23(2), 1. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.3912/OJIN.Vol23No02Man01T

NUR 550 Topic 1 DQ 1 Identify the different levels of translational research

Topic 1 DQ 1

The advancement in healthcare highly relies on translation research as it entails changing basic research into an outcome. These outcomes have a direct benefit on human health. The insights gained from the basic research always need an effective translation process to align with the health needs of humans (Banner et al., 2019). Levels of translational research include, T0, T1, T2, T3 and T4 (Choi et al., 2018). This is different from evidence-based practice. EBP is already approved and available evidence for making decisions and providing effective and efficient care for patients based on a scientific basis.

Translation research forms the basis for developing evidence-based practice. It implements interventions and contextual variables that affect the understanding of the community about health and practice. The evidence is gained from the practice as it allows the healthcare system to apply current evidence on clinical expertise and patient values that aid in directing healthcare decisions (Banner et al., 2019). Translation research goes through different stages to advance into evidence-based practice. Evidence-based practices have formed the main pillar in advancing equitable healthcare and preventive services for the longest time in healthcare.

Translation research and evidence-based practice are significant in healthcare as they focus on developing a positive outcome in healthcare management. They develop a new approach to healthcare issues that allows healthcare professionals to advance their roles in meeting the desired patient outcome (Li et al., 2018). Effective ways of managing population health is an objectives that each healthcare professional would want to meet. Focusing attention on translation research would imply that the research system in healthcare would sharpen its tools for improving healthcare.

NUR 550 Topic 1 DQ 1 Identify the different levels of translational research References

Banner, D., Bains, M., Carroll, S., Kandola, D. K., Rolfe, D. E., Wong, C., & Graham, I. D. (2019). Patient and public engagement in integrated knowledge translation research: are we there yet? Research Involvement and Engagement, 5(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40900-019-0139-1

Choi, P. J., Tubbs, R. S., & Oskouian, R. J. (2018). The current trend of the translational research paradigm. Cureus, 10(3). Doi: 10.7759/cureus.2340

Li, Y., Zhao, L., Yu, D., & Ding, G. (2018). The prevalence and risk factors of dyslipidemia in different diabetic progression stages among middle-aged and elderly populations in China. PLoS One, 13(10), e0205709. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0205709

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Around the year 1993, clinical research in the form of translational research first appeared. 2010 (Rubio and colleagues) As a result, in terms of research, this method of investigation is relatively new. Translational research has no precise definition, but it essentially refers to two areas of translation: the adoption of community best practices and their cost-effectiveness, as well as the information gathered in pre-clinical studies and lab research (Rubio et al, 2010). T1 is the first tier of translational research, which includes lab research, observational research, and phase I and II clinical trials. The initial study or development of an intervention is referred to as T1 (Translational Research, n.d.).

T2, or “translation to patients,” entails evaluating the efficacy of these interventions in a patient population, including through phase III clinical trials, investigating how these new interventions interact with disease processes, and developing new recommendations based on the most recent data (Translational Research, n.d.). T3, the third phase, entails integrating all research findings into daily practice as well as translating research findings into evidence-based procedures for the entire profession (Translational Research, n.d.).

According to this data, there is no distinction between translational research and evidence-based practice; rather, it serves as a means of achieving the latter. The next stage is to use all of this knowledge into evidence-based practice by following the “three T’s”. As the natural progression of translational practice ends with practice, this means the most recent treatment and knowledge for the field of public health. However, the public will suffer if no study is done in the area because there won’t be any current EPB regarding the disease process and/or its co-morbidities.

Identify the different levels of translational research. Explain how translational research is different from evidence-based practice and discuss application to population health management.

Re: Topic 1 DQ 1

Translational research is form of clinical research that was first seen around 1993 (Rubio et al, 2010). So as far as research goes this is a fairly new was to look into things. There is also no clear definition of translational research, but essentially it encompasses two areas of translation one being the information obtained in pre-clinical studies, lab research and the other being the adaptation of best practices in the community with their cost effectiveness (Rubio et al, 2010). There are three levels of translational research, starting with T1, which involves the beginning research or development of an intervention, including the lab research, observational research and phase I and II clinical trials (Translational Research, n.d.).

The second level is T2 the translation to patients, testing these interventions and their efficacy on the patient populace, including phase III clinical trials, studying how these new interventions work with disease processes and creating new guidelines with up-to-date information (Translational Research, n.d.). The third level is T3 disseminating and implementation of all the research into daily practice, creating the research evidence found into evidence-based practices across the profession (Translational Research, n.d.).

From this information there isn’t a difference between evidence-based practice and translational research, it is just a way to get to evidence based practice. By following the ‘three T’s’, the final step is to put all of this research into practice, as evidence-based practice. For public health this means the most up to date care and information as the natural progression of translational practice ends with practice. If there is no research being done in the area however, this has a negative impact on the population, as there is not up to date EPB related to that disease process and/or its co morbidities.

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Rubio, D. M., Schoenbaum, E. E., Lee, L. S., Schteingart, D. E., Marantz, P. R., Anderson, K. E., Platt, L. D., Baez, A., & Esposito, K. (2010). Defining translational research: implications for training. Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges, 85(3), 470–475. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0b013e3181ccd618

Translational Research – Defining the “T’s” | Translational Cancer Research Network. (n.d.). Www.Tcrn.Unsw.Edu. Retrieved June 18, 2021, from http://www.tcrn.unsw.edu.au/translational-research-definitions

RESPOND HERE (150 W0ORDS, 2 REFERENCES)

This is extremely intriguing. Sarah, translational research is a type of clinical research that first appeared in 1993. So, in terms of research, this is a new way of looking at things. Translational research is a type of study that aims to produce more relevant, meaningful, and valid results that can have an immediate impact on human health. The primary goal of translational research is to more quickly and efficiently translate important scientific discoveries into practices (Eske, 2020).

Translational research has been used by various researchers to improve research processes with the goal of achieving quality treatment processes and effective patient outcomes. The three major levels of translational research are T1, T2, and T3. To ensure accuracy and effective research outcomes, these levels must be incorporated into the research processes (Woolf, 2018). Level I or T1 interventions are frequently developed to ensure that the entire research process runs smoothly and in accordance with the objectives.

NUR 550 Topic 1 DQ 1 Identify the different levels of translational research

NUR 550 Topic 1 DQ 1 Identify the different levels of translational research References

Woolf, S. H. (2018). The meaning of translational research and why it matters. Jama, 299(2), 211-213. https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/1149350

Eske, J. (2020, August 31). In vivo vs. in vitro: What is the difference? Medical News Today. Retrieved June 17, 2021, from https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/in-vivo-vs-in-vitro

Re: Topic 1 DQ 1

Translational research is a relatively new concept in my opinion of the world; as nurses, we hear the terms evidence-based practice (EBP) and research. Translational research is frequently associated with EPB. Translational research is the study and translation of EBP interventions into practice (Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt, 2019). Translational research, as stated, translates how EBP “translates” into practice. Evidence-based practice is a guide to practice, and translation science is the translation to implement the evidence-based research into practice. Tilter (2018) Translation research includes preclinical studies, phase one small clinical trials, phase 2&3 larger clinical trials, clinical trial outcomes, and phase 5 population outcomes research. These phases provide a “bench to bedside” continuum (Tilter, 2018).

Gaps between the availability of evidence and its application in practice have been shown to contribute to poor outcomes by preventing caregivers from applying the evidence. (Tilter, 2018)Transitional research has been shown to improve in-patient outcomes and health care management by translating evidence into practice, which improves patient outcomes through the use of evidence. In my field of labor and delivery, I’ve witnessed a similar process in the abundance of research and evidence of the increased risk of hypertension in pregnancy. Nonetheless, the physicians I work with implement in a variety of ways due to a lack of translation, resulting in early inductions and increased risk to the infants. When implementing a new technology, evidence, or practice, it is critical to understand the research and evidence behind it, as well as how to do so safely. (Sung et al., 2020) Translation research is exciting and offers numerous opportunities to improve patient outcomes. As an upcoming APRN in a magnet hospital, utilizing this process with EBP will significantly improve patient care as well as nursing practice.

ALSO READ: NUR 550 Evidence-Based Practice Project Proposal Identification of Nursing Practice Problem Assignment

This is insightful Deanna, translational research is a new concept in my view of the world, it is a fairly new concept, as nurses we hear the term evidence-based practice (EBP) and research Translational research has been applied by most researchers to influence study processes and to ensure quality outcomes in different studies (Tilter, 2018). Translational research mainly involves the production of more meaningful, and applicable results in the research process that directly benefit human health. Most researchers prefers translational research because in can be applied to enhance methodologies and general research outcomes.

The application of different levels of research processes T1, T2, and T3 depend on the methodologies that have been applied as well as the research objectives (Woolf, 2018). Translation research has different components to implementation of preclinical studies, phase one small clinical trials, phase 2&3 larger clinical trials, outcomes from the clinical trials, them phase 5 population outcomes research- these phases offer a “bench to bedside” continuum.

NUR 550 Topic 1 DQ 1 Identify the different levels of translational research References

Tilter, M. G. (2018). Translation Research in Practice: An Introduction. Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 23(2). Retrieved June 16, 2021, from

Woolf, S. H. (2018). The meaning of translational research and why it matters. Jama, 299(2), 211-213. https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/1149350

Re: Topic 1 DQ 1

As nurses, we all have heard about evidence-based practice and Florence Nightingale. Although back then, the term evidence-based practice was not a common phrase, that is exactly what Florence Nightingale was doing back then. She would examine and experiment with the sanitary conditions of the facilities and look at how it affected the patient’s outcomes (Mackey & Bassendowski, 2017). Translational research is more of a newer terminology. Although it can be confused with evidence-based practice, there is a key distinction. Evidence-based practice is the act of applying the evidence into everyday practice, whereas translational research is more the act of conducting the studies to find the best evidence (Titler, 2018).

There are strict guidelines when conducting translational research or what many of us know as clinical trials. There is phase process where in order to progress to the next phase of clinical trials, they must meet certain criteria. New drugs must undergo in vitro preclinical trials where they are testing it in a laboratory setting instead of human trials. Then they can proceed to in vivo studies where they are studying it in animals and small sample size of human trials (Eske, 2020). Once it has proven to be safe, then they can progress to a phase two or three trial increasing the sample size and comparing it to common treatments or sometimes placebos. Once it has shown safety and efficacy in a phase two or three trial, it can then go for Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval. There are also phase four and five trials that help with translating the evidence into practice and community settings (Titler, 2018).

In my specialty area of oncology, we are constantly hearing about clinical trials and new therapies coming to market. It is critical to have a good understanding of what each phase of the trial consists of and what the outcomes really mean to the patient.

NUR 550 Topic 1 DQ 1 Identify the different levels of translational research References

Eske, J. (2020, August 31). In vivo vs. in vitro: What is the difference? Medical News Today. Retrieved June 17, 2021, from https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/in-vivo-vs-in-vitro

Mackey, A., & Bassendowski, S. (2017). The history of evidence-based practice in nursing education and practice. Journal of Professional Nursing, 33(1), 51–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profnurs.2016.05.009

Titler, M. G. (2018). Translation Research in Practice: An Introduction. Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 23(2). https://doi.org/10.3912/OJIN.Vol23No02Man01

RESPOND HERE (150 W0ORDS, 2 REFERENCES)

This is insightful Kelli, translational research is a new concept in my view of the world, it is a fairly new concept, as nurses we hear the term evidence-based practice (EBP) and research. Translational research is critical in the research processes as they involve translation of what have been found in other studies (Eske, 2020). Most researcher prefer to apply translational research processes to influence different study outcomes. The application of different levels of research processes T1, T2, and T3 depend on the methodologies that have been applied as well as the research objectives. Translational research is a new concept in my view of the world, it is a fairly new concept, as nurses we hear the term evidence-based practice (EBP) and research (Woolf, 2018). There are three major components of translation research including T1, T2, and T3. These translational research are important in ensuring that every study outcomes are done in line with the research objectives.

I agree with you that translational research focuses on applying scientific discoveries to improve health. Translational research provides more meaningful results that impact human health.  The research involves discovering new ideas that can improve healthcare. However, for the research to make more sense, it is divided into three levels: bench-to-bedside, bedside-to-population, and population-to-bench (Jones et al., 2022). These three levels are important. For example, the population-to-bench level uses findings from study populations to suggest new hypotheses. Hypothesis is necessary in any research. Therefore, the third level enables formulation of hypothesis. The implementation of evidence-based practice in healthcare settings have mandated research. Research allows healthcare professionals to obtain accurate information (Ryder & Jacob, 2022). At the same time, research generates additional health information. Healthcare providers with effective evidence-based practice have reported improved positive patient outcomes. Evidence-based practice focuses on helping practitioners make patient care decisions.

References

Jones, S. L., Hall, T., Procter, R., Connolly, C., & Fazlagić, J. (2022). Conceptualising translational research in schools: A systematic literature review. International Journal of Educational Research, 114, 101998. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2022.101998

Ryder, M., & Jacob, E. (2022). A translational research framework for nurse practitioners. Journal of Nursing Management, 30(2), 421-427. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.13496

Healthcare providers and organizations leverage translational research to improve patient care in their settings by applying research discoveries made from laboratories in practical situations. As such translational research entails implementation of evidence into practice and offers healthcare providers the chance to leverage local evidence-based practice for optimal care provision in communities and among patient populations.

The movement of clinical and translational research allows practitioners to move scientific finding along a virtual path from the laboratory to practical situations leading to better human health. The core levels of translational research are four that include translational research type (TI) to translational research type four (T4). The T1 research focuses on testing findings from basic research for their applicability (De Maria. et al., 2021). Through T1 research, nurses and other healthcare providers get knowledge concerning human physiology and the possible interventions in different situations. At this level, the approaches include human physiology, proof of concept and human physiology. 

Translational research type two (T2) focuses on new interventions in controlled environments to establish a basis for clinical use and evidence-based guidelines. T2 also tests new interventions as the basis for application and evidence-based guidelines (Laxton et al.). The third level of translation research explores innovative way of using recommendations or guidelines. Imperatively, T3 research yields knowledge concerning the working of interventions recommended. At the core of T3 research is yielding knowledge that allow provider to offer care in real-world situations. The fourth level of translation research entails researching certain factors and interventions that influence health of populations. The results of T4 research include improved global health. 

Evidence-based practice and translation science are different. EBP entails the use of evidence in practice. However, translation research entails studying the implementation of interventions. The use of EBP in population health management entails leveraging best practices using the process and making necessary decisions in interventions (Titler, 2018). EBP is applicable to population health management as it allows the use of the most effective approaches to care provision; especially approaches that respect all stakeholders.

References 

De Maria Marchiano, R., Di Sante, G., Piro, G., Carbone, C., Tortora, G., Boldrini, L., … & 

Scambia, G. (2021). Translational research in the era of precision medicine: Where we are and where we will go. Journal of Personalized Medicine, 11(3), 216. DOI: 10.3390/jpm11030216 

Laxton, D., Cooper, L., & Younie, S. (2021). Translational research in action: The use of 

technology to disseminate information to parents during the COVID‐19 pandemic. British Journal of Educational Technology, 52(4), 1538-1553. 

Titler, M. G. (2018). Translation research in practice: an introduction. Online Journal of Issues 

           in Nursing, 23(2). DOI: 10.3912/OJIN.Vol23No02Man01 

Translation research examines