Assignment: Pharmacology & Substance Use Quiz Questions

Assignment: Pharmacology & Substance Use Quiz Questions

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Question Description
I’m trying to learn for my Nursing class and I’m stuck. Can you help?

1) All drugs that are considered safe to administer to adults are safe for administration to pediatric patients if the dose is adjusted appropriately for size.

Select one:

True

False

2) The majority of drugs used in pediatrics have never been tested on children

Select one:

True

False

3)Approximating safe doses of drugs for children is most accurate when calculated based on body surface area.

Select one:

True

False

4)

When a patient takes a drug for a long time and becomes tolerant, the nurse would expect the prescriber would need to
the dose to achieve the desired effect.

5) This specific kind of drug tolerance known as
is a reduction in drug responsiveness brought on by repeated dosing of the drug over a short period of time.

6) Based on pharmacokinetics, drugs are most likely to pass through the placenta and into fetal circulation if they are

Select one:

a. ionized

b. protein bound

c. highly polar

d. lipid-soluble

7)Determining the effect of exposure to teratogens during pregnancy depends on timing and amount. Match the following terms to the correct period of pregnancy

This is the time when the fetus is most vulnerable to teratogens, so the mother must be taught to avoid exposure to teratogens at this time

Answer 1
Choose…
During this time, exposure usually results in death of the conceptus or full recovery and is usually related to exposure dose

Answer 2
Choose…
Exposure to teratogens during this period tends to affect function rather than gross anatomy Answer 3
Choose…
First trimester (first 3 months of preganancy)

Answer 4
Choose…
This period is the 2nd and 3rd trimester of pregnancy Answer 5
Choose…
Exposure to teratogens during this period is especially important to brain function and can result in problems with learning and behavior

Answer 6
Choose…
Is the time when internal organs and structures are formed and established Answer 7
Choose…
Conception through week 2

Answer 8
Choose…
Exposure to teratogens during this period generally results in gross malformations

Answer 9

Choose…

8) A woman is admitted to labor and delivery and receives an opioid for pain early in labor. Her labor progresses more rapidly than expected and she delivers shortly after the medication has been given. The nurse will expect assessment of the newborn to include

Select one:

a. hyperglycemia

b. peripheral cyanosis and hypotension

c. shrill cry and irritability

d. respiratory depression and lethargy

9)Which instruction should be included in patient teaching regarding breast-feeding and drug therapy?

Select one

a. Use sustained-release formulas of drugs

b. The best time to take a needed drugs to minimize transfer to the infant is just after breast-feeding

c. Avoid drugs that have a short half-life

d. Avoid taking any drugs

10)A 52 y/o man is admitted with uncontrolled hypertension. He has been prescribed 3 medications, but admits he does not take the medications as prescribed. He does not think he needs the drugs because he cannot “feel” his high blood pressure and he does not have insurance for drugs.

Identify 3 interventions specific to this patient that may help the patient increase adherence to his medication. This means looking at the data and coming up with 3 different ideas that address the “why” he doesn’t take the medications.

You must give a reference for this question (APA formatted reference is required).

11) The same
name is never used for more than one medication.

12) Most drugs enter cells through channels or pores.

Select one:

True

False

13)Cell membranes are composed of fat with phosphate

Select one:

True

False

14)P-glycoprotein transports many drugs out of cells

Select one:

True

False

15)A transport system is needed for a water-soluble drug to enter a cell

Select one:

True

False

16)Ionization is a process that allows a drug to enter a cell.

Select one:

True

False

17)If a quaternary ammonium compound drug is injected into a vein, it will produce effects, but it will not produce effects if it is taken orally

Select one:

True

False

18)Adding a new drug to a patient’s current drug regimen might cause the other drugs to be metabolized more rapidly or more slowly.

Select one:

True

False

19)A drug with extensive first-pass metabolism (or effect) may be given sublingually to allow the drug to be absorbed directly into the systemic circulation.

Select one:

True

False

20)First pass effect means that most of the drug is activated by the liver, so it must be administered orally.

Select one:

True

False

21)Enteric coated drugs should not be crushed because crushing can cause stomach distress or cause the acid in the stomach to alter the drug.

Select one:

True

False

22)Drugs that are currently bound to protein are not able to exert any action at the cellular level.

Select one:

True

False

23)Digoxin is a drug that has a narrow therapeutic range. When administering this drug, what does the nurse need to do? Select all that apply.

Select one or more:

a. Administer the medication only on an as needed basis

b. Carefully monitor the patient for therapeutic and toxic effects

c. Monitor drug levels of the drug to assess if it is in the therapeutic range

d. Teach the patient that it takes several weeks for the drug to be fully effective

e. Be diligent about the timing of administering the medication

24)Grapefruit juice inhibits the cytochrome P450 CYP3A4 drug metabolizing enzyme and inhibits P-glycoprotein in the intestines for days after ingestion. This especially affects calcium channel blockers, benzodiazepines, cyclosporine, and statin drugs. The nurse should teach the patient who is prescribed any of these drugs that drinking grapefruit juice can cause what problem?

Select one:

a. Excessive levels of drug in the blood

b. lack of therapeutic effect of the drug

c. rapid excretion of the drug

d. Excessive first pass effect

25)A patient stopped taking a drug 3 days ago. The drug has a half-life of 7 days. The patient tells the nurse that the drug must not have been necessary because he does not feel any different. What is the basis of the explanation of why the patient has not noticed any change in how he feels?

Select one:

a. The drug’s previous doses have not been completely eliminated from the body.

b. The patient could not have been taking the drug as prescribed

c. The dose was probably too high, so the drug is still working

d. The drug was probably not needed if the patient has not experienced any symptoms

26)Maximal efficacy is defined as the largest effect that a drug can produce

Select one:

True

False

27)Two drugs in the same therapeutic class with different recommended doses can have equal effects.

Select one:

True

False

28)A drug that is selective for specific receptors will produce more unintended effects than a nonselective drug.

Select one:

True

False

29)Affinity is the strength of attraction between a drug and its receptor

Select one:

True

False

30)Drugs with high intrinsic activity cause an intense response

Select one:

True

False

31)An agonist drug blocks the simulation of a receptor

Select one:

True

False

32) If a receptor is constantly bombarded by a drug, the cell can down-regulate and decrease the response to the drug.

Select one:

True

False

33) The ED 50 is usually the recommended dose for the drug

Select one:

True

False

34)When the therapeutic index of a drug is narrow, what should the nurse expect?

Select one:

a. The drug would be used only in an emergency

b. The drug would produce many adverse effects at low doses

c. The drug would produce the desired effect at low doses

d. Blood levels of the drug would be monitored throughout therapy

35)A prescriber may prescribe a drug solely because of its interaction with another drug.

Select one:

True

False

36)The nurse should consult with the prescriber regarding adequate blood levels of oral drugs when a patient has persistent diarrhea.

Select one:

True

False

37)The nurse is teaching the patient being treated with a drug known to cause a disulfiram-type side effect to avoid what substance while taking the medication.

Select one:

a. Excess salt

b. Wine

c. High protein foods

d. Salami

38)The nurse is caring for a 92 y/o patient who was admitted yesterday for pneumonia. The patient’s medical history includes hypertension and heart failure. The patient is agitated, cannot tell the nurse her name or the date, and is complaining of seeing people outside her 3rd floor window.

The nurse wonders if this behavior is due to the drugs the patient is receiving.

What information should the nurse collect to help determine what the cause of the patient’s behavior is?

This question is worth 2 points, so please think about the many kinds of information you would need to come to a conclusion. Look in Chapter 6 for ideas!

APA reference is required

39)Withdrawl syndrome occurs when a drug is stopped and the person is
on the drug

(answer is 2 words)

40) A/an
reaction is an immune response

41) Effects that are nearly unavoidable secondary drug effects at therapeutic doses are called
. (Answer is 2 words)

42) Genetic differences can cause uncommon drug responses, called
reactions

43)
is the detrimental physiologic effect caused by excessive drug dosing.

44) The student is studying the difference between an adverse effect and a toxic effect of a drug. Which of the following would be called an adverse effect as defined by the World Health Organization?

Select one:

a. Respiratory depression after the patient takes an overdose of an opioid

b. Nausea and vomiting with chemotherapy

c. Inability to wake the patient after receiving an antianxiety medication in addition to an opioid for pain

d. Low blood sugar when the patient accidentally injects twice the ordered insulin

45)A nurse has incorrectly administered an excessive dose of a prescribed drug to a patient. Which intervention would be the least likely to be beneficial in this situation?

Select one:

a. Assess the patient for effects of the drug

b. Require the nurse to identify possible strategies to prevent this type of error in the future.

c. Place the nurse on unpaid leave

d. Report the nurse to the institution’s safety coordinator

46)In attempting to reduce the exposure to of the developing baby to teratogens, match the appropriate teaching or intervention to the risk. Each answer is only used once

Exposure to medications during pregnancy can negatively impact the developing baby

Answer 1
Choose…
Belief that over the counter drugs, including vitamins and supplements are safe because they do not require a prescription
Answer 2
Choose…
Patient is taking a known teratogen

Answer 3
Choose…
An untreated disease process is more dangerous than the use of medications
Answer 4
Choose…

You must proofread your paper. But do not strictly rely on your computer’s spell-checker and grammar-checker; failure to do so indicates a lack of effort on your part and you can expect your grade to suffer accordingly. Papers with numerous misspelled words and grammatical mistakes will be penalized. Read over your paper – in silence and then aloud – before handing it in and make corrections as necessary. Often it is advantageous to have a friend proofread your paper for obvious errors. Handwritten corrections are preferable to uncorrected mistakes.

Use a standard 10 to 12 point (10 to 12 characters per inch) typeface. Smaller or compressed type and papers with small margins or single-spacing are hard to read. It is better to let your essay run over the recommended number of pages than to try to compress it into fewer pages.

Likewise, large type, large margins, large indentations, triple-spacing, increased leading (space between lines), increased kerning (space between letters), and any other such attempts at “padding” to increase the length of a paper are unacceptable, wasteful of trees, and will not fool your professor.

The paper must be neatly formatted, double-spaced with a one-inch margin on the top, bottom, and sides of each page. When submitting hard copy, be sure to use white paper and print out using dark ink. If it is hard to read your essay, it will also be hard to follow your argument.

ADDITIONAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CLASS

Discussion Questions (DQ)

Initial responses to the DQ should address all components of the questions asked, include a minimum of one scholarly source, and be at least 250 words.
Successful responses are substantive (i.e., add something new to the discussion, engage others in the discussion, well-developed idea) and include at least one scholarly source.
One or two sentence responses, simple statements of agreement or “good post,” and responses that are off-topic will not count as substantive. Substantive responses should be at least 150 words.
I encourage you to incorporate the readings from the week (as applicable) into your responses.
Weekly Participation

Your initial responses to the mandatory DQ do not count toward participation and are graded separately.
In addition to the DQ responses, you must post at least one reply to peers (or me) on three separate days, for a total of three replies.
Participation posts do not require a scholarly source/citation (unless you cite someone else’s work).
Part of your weekly participation includes viewing the weekly announcement and attesting to watching it in the comments. These announcements are made to ensure you understand everything that is due during the week.
APA Format and Writing Quality

Familiarize yourself with APA format and practice using it correctly. It is used for most writing assignments for your degree. Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for APA paper templates, citation examples, tips, etc. Points will be deducted for poor use of APA format or absence of APA format (if required).
Cite all sources of information! When in doubt, cite the source. Paraphrasing also requires a citation.
I highly recommend using the APA Publication Manual, 6th edition.
Use of Direct Quotes

I discourage overutilization of direct quotes in DQs and assignments at the Masters’ level and deduct points accordingly.
As Masters’ level students, it is important that you be able to critically analyze and interpret information from journal articles and other resources. Simply restating someone else’s words does not demonstrate an understanding of the content or critical analysis of the content.
It is best to paraphrase content and cite your source.
LopesWrite Policy

For assignments that need to be submitted to LopesWrite, please be sure you have received your report and Similarity Index (SI) percentage BEFORE you do a “final submit” to me.
Once you have received your report, please review it. This report will show you grammatical, punctuation, and spelling errors that can easily be fixed. Take the extra few minutes to review instead of getting counted off for these mistakes.
Review your similarities. Did you forget to cite something? Did you not paraphrase well enough? Is your paper made up of someone else’s thoughts more than your own?
Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for tips on improving your paper and SI score.
Late Policy

The university’s policy on late assignments is 10% penalty PER DAY LATE. This also applies to late DQ replies.
Please communicate with me if you anticipate having to submit an assignment late. I am happy to be flexible, with advance notice. We may be able to work out an extension based on extenuating circumstances.
If you do not communicate with me before submitting an assignment late, the GCU late policy will be in effect.
I do not accept assignments that are two or more weeks late unless we have worked out an extension.
As per policy, no assignments are accepted after the last day of class. Any assignment submitted after midnight on the last day of class will not be accepted for grading.
Communication

Communication is so very important. There are multiple ways to communicate with me:
Questions to Instructor Forum: This is a great place to ask course content or assignment questions. If you have a question, there is a good chance one of your peers does as well. This is a public forum for the class.
Individual Forum: This is a private forum to ask me questions or send me messages. This will be checked at least once every 24 hours.