Benchmark – Part A: Population Health Research and PICOT Statement: NUR 550
NUR 550 Benchmark – Part A: Population Health Research and PICOT Statement
Benchmark – Part A: Population Health Research and PICOT Statement
NB: GCU changed this syllabus to a totally new one. We also have that one. Simply click on Benchmark – Evidence-Based Practice Project: PICOT Paper
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Identification of Clinical Problem or Issue
As you can see, this header is bolded. In this section you need to use a national, state or local population health care database to research indicators of disparity. You have discussed a potential problem in the Week 3 discussion 1 forum. Choose a mortality/morbidity indicator to identify a clinical problem or issue that you want to explore pertaining to a population of focus. Every evidence-based practice project begins with a problem to be solved. The problem statement presents the idea, issue, or situation that you intend to solve through application of evidence-based practice. The problem statement is the foundation of the project and is usually preceded by several paragraphs of background information that set the stage for the proposed project. These paragraphs identify the significance of the problem, present justification that the problem actually is a problem and is researchable and provide supporting documentation from the literature. You must always include the population of interest and the variable(s) or outcomes to be measured. Use this indicator to begin to formulate a PICOT and conduct research on the population.
Benchmark – Part A: Population Health Research and PICOT Statement SAMPLE
Glucose is essential to the body because it is an important source of energy for the body cells. Diabetes is a group of diseases that affect how the body uses glucose. The cause of diabetes depends on the type. However, regardless of the type of diabetes, the disease leads to high blood sugar in the blood, which has serious health problems (Marín-Peñalver, Martín-Timón, Sevillano-Collantes, & del Cañizo-Gómez, 2016). Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas to help in the breakdown of glucose to be used by cells as energy. Sometimes the body does not make enough insulin or does not use the available insulin appropriately leading to diabetes. In such cases, the glucose stays in the blood and does not reach the cell making the blood sugar level above the normal. Chronic diabetes conditions include type 1 and type 2 diabetes (Marín-Peñalver et al., 2016). This paper uses a PICOT question to broadly discuss diabetes in African Americans.
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PICOT Question
In African Americans (P), what is the effect of a community-based physical activity and nutrition education program (I) on the reduction of diabetes incidences (O) compared with no intervention (c) within 6 months (T)?
Demographics
The African Americans were about 19% of the total population in 1790. At the beginning of the civil war, in 1860, the number of African American increased to 4.4 million. Most of them were still slaves. Only 488,000 of them counted as freemen (HHS.gov, 2019). The number of Blacks in America has been increasing rapidly over the past several years and now makes the second-largest minority groups in the US after Latino. In 2017, African Americans were 41.4 million people in the United States which represents 12.7 % of the total population. Most African Americans (58%) lived in the South (HHS.gov, 2019). Also in 2017, the African Americans median household income stood at $40,165, bellow that for Whites.
Health Concern of the Population
Type 2 diabetes is the most common type and is affecting quite a good number of African Americans. According to the National Institutes of Health (2018), compared to other groups, African Americans are more likely to suffer from the illness. African Americans have 77 percent higher chances of diabetes than Whites. Diabetes can lead to adverse health problems such as cardiovascular diseases including coronary artery diseases and stroke (National Institutes of Health, 2018). This population is also exposed to complications such as neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy, foot damage, skin conditions, depression, and Alzheimer’s disease.
Nursing science, health determinants, epidemiologic, and genetic data may influence diabetes management for African Americans. Nursing science has provided interventions such as nutrition and physical activity as well as proper medications to manage diabetes (National Institutes of Health, 2018). Research is still ongoing to improve the lives of people with diabetes. All these interventions including education and counseling stem from nursing science.
Health determinants can provide an insight into the cause and proper management required to improve community health. People’s behavior or genetic composition, for instance, can determine the reason behind increased incidences of diabetes type 2 among the population (National Institutes of Health, 2018). Additionally, epidemiological data can be used to study the prevalence of diabetes in African Americans. Genomic and genetic data are important since people can inherit risk factors for diabetes type 2. Also, the risk of developing type 1 diabetes increases with variations of the HLA-DQA1, HLA-DQB1, and HLA-DRB1 genes (National Institutes of Health, 2018). The results of these health determinants can be used to improve the community health status
In this course, you will be complete a 2-part assignment in which you conduct research about a population of focus, develop a PICOT statement, and write a Literature Review. The PICOT statement and Literature Review you write in this course can be used for your evidence-based practice project in the next course so be sure to select an issue you want to continue working on in your next course.
PICOT (Population/Problem, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, and Time to achieve the outcome) is a method that helps clarify the qualities needed to create a good question out of a practice issue or problem affecting the population of focus. Additionally, the information derived from a good PICOT makes it easier to perform a literature search in order to find translational research sources that can be used to address the clinical problem.
Use a national, state or local population health care database to research indicators of disparity. Choose a mortality/morbidity indicator to identify a clinical problem or issue that you want to explore pertaining to a population of focus. Use this indicator to begin to formulate a PICOT and conduct research on the population.
Write a 750-1,000-word paper that analyzes your research and focuses on the population you have chosen. Describe the population’s demographics and health concerns, and explain how nursing science, health determinants, and epidemiologic, genomic, and genetic data may impact population health management for the selected population. Provide an overview of a potential solution for solving the health issue related to your population and the intended PICOT statement. Describe how the solution incorporates health policies and goals that support health care equity for the population of focus.
You are required to cite three to five sources to complete this Benchmark – Part A: Population Health Research and PICOT Statement: assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content.
Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.
This Benchmark – Part A: Population Health Research and PICOT Statement assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center.
NUR 550 Benchmark – Part B: Literature Review
In Part A, you described the population and quality initiative related to your PICOT (Population/Problem, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, and Time to achieve the outcome) statement. In this assignment, you will formalize your PICOT and research process.
Use the GCU Library to perform a search for peer-reviewed research articles. Find five peer-reviewed primary source translational research articles.
In a paper of 1,250-1,500 words, synthesize the research into a literature review. The literature review should provide an overview for the reader that illustrates the research related to your particular PICOT. Include the following:
Introduction: Describe the clinical issue or problem you are addressing.
Methods: Describe the criteria you used in choosing your articles
Synthesize the Literature: Part A: Discuss the main components of each article (subjects, methods, key findings) and provide rationale for how this supports your PICOT; Part B: Compare and contrast the articles: Discuss limitations, controversies, and similarities/differences of the studies.
Areas of Further Study: Analyze the evidence presented in your articles to identify what is known, unknown, and requires further study.
You are required to cite five to 10 sources to complete this assignment. Sources must be published within the last 5 years and appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content.
Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Please refer to the directions in the Student Success Center.
Benchmark- Part A: Population Health Research and PICOT Statement
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) comprises of diseases that affect the heart and associated blood vessels. The disease category includes conditions such as coronary artery disease, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and stroke (Saab et al., 2015). The American Heart Association illustrates that the United States of America has a prevalence rate of 39.6% of CVD among adults and 18.5% in children. Limdi et al. (2016) illustrate that in America alone, about 610,000 citizens die from the condition annually. In overall, 1 in every 4 deaths in the country is attributed to a heart disease which makes the condition the number one cause of mortality in both men and women. According to Dong et al. 2018, the frightening statistics of the prevalence and fatalities related to CVD are worse in African-Americans when compared to their non-Hispanic white counterparts. Approximately 44% of black-American men and about 48% of women of the same race have some form of CVD. Besides, Saab et al. (2015) state that of the 1.5 million cases of CVD annually in American, Black men and women are at the greatest risk of death mainly from heart disease or stroke. This disproportionate prevalence of heart disease among the African Americans necessitates a suitable intervention to address the challenge.
Often, the racial group has low social economic status and this hampers their health seeking pattern. Besides, overreliance on traditional practices as opposed to current knowledge of care is also a contributing factor. Hence, the present article focuses on the assessment of knowledge as a key component of self-care among African Americans with CVD. The study will assess demographics and health concerns followed by a formulation of Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome and Time (PICOT) to address CVD among black-Americans.
Demographics and Health Concerns
As per the American censure report of 2015, there are about 40.7 million African-Americans, which make up 12.7% of the total population in the country (Limdi et al., 2016). These statistics are projected to rise since the racial group indicates rapid growth in America. A majority of the African Americans are found in the Deep South and constitutes 58% of the population in those regions. According to Laster, Shen, and Norris (2018), approximately 88.2% of black-Americans have enrolled for national health insurance coverage. Even though the national age-adjusted mortality related to CVD are declining, these rates, however, continue to be higher among the African Americans. For instance, black-Americans have a 20% risk of developing heart disease and 40% in the risk of stroke compared to the rates in non-Hispanic whites.
The racial group has low social economic status due to a history of systemic bias and this could attribute to their risk in developing CVD. Often, social economic status influences the health seeking pattern of populations which in overall determine the quality of health. As such, due to low economic status, African Americans are less likely to seek screening and early treatment of their condition when compared to whites (Mensah, 2018). This then determines the burdens of the heart disease among the racial group. Moreover, the disparity in healthcare as evidence by provider bias explains the reasons for the excess CVD burden in African Americans. Nursing science should, therefore, take into account the aspect of clinical, behavioral geographic as well as lifestyle-mediated risk factors as potential in influencing CVD among black-Americans.
| Course Code | Class Code | ||||||||
| NUR-550 | NUR-550-O101 | Benchmark – Part B: Literature Review | 250.0 | ||||||
| Criteria | Percentage | Unsatisfactory (0.00%) | Less than Satisfactory (80.00%) | Satisfactory (88.00%) | Good (92.00%) | Excellent (100.00%) | Comments | Points Earned | |
| Content | 70.0% | ||||||||
| Introduction | 5.0% | An introduction is not included. | An introduction is present, but it lacks detail or is incomplete. | An introduction is present. | An introduction is clearly provided and well developed. | A comprehensive introduction is thoroughly developed with supporting details. | |||
| Methods | 15.0% | A discussion of methods, including criteria used to select the articles, is not included. | A discussion of methods, including criteria used to select the articles, is present, but it lacks detail or is incomplete. | A discussion of methods, including criteria used to select the articles, is present. | A discussion of methods, including criteria used to select the articles, is clearly provided and well developed. | A comprehensive discussion of methods, including criteria used to select the articles, is thoroughly developed with supporting details. | |||
| Literature Synthesis, Part A | 15.0% | A discussion of the main components of each article, including subjects, methods, key findings, and rationale for how the article supports the PICOT statement, is not included. | A discussion of the main components of each article, including subjects, methods, key findings, and rationale for how the article supports the PICOT statement, is present, but it lacks detail or is incomplete. | A discussion of the main components of each article, including subjects, methods, key findings, and rationale for how the article supports the PICOT statement, is present. | A discussion of the main components of each article, including subjects, methods, key findings, and rationale for how the article supports the PICOT statement, is clearly provided and well developed. | A comprehensive discussion of the main components of each article, including subjects, methods, key findings, and rationale for how the article supports the PICOT statement, is thoroughly developed with supporting details. | |||
| Literature Synthesis, Part B | 15.0% | A discussion of the limitations, controversies, similarities, and differences of the studies is not included. | A discussion of the limitations, controversies, similarities, and differences of the studies is present, but it lacks detail or is incomplete. | A discussion of the limitations, controversies, similarities, and differences of the studies is present. | A discussion of the limitations, controversies, similarities, and differences of the studies is clearly provided and well developed. | A comprehensive discussion of the limitations, controversies, similarities, and differences of the studies is thoroughly developed with supporting details. | |||
| Areas of Further Study | 15.0% | An analysis of evidence in the articles to identify what is known, unknown, and needed for further study is not included. | An analysis of evidence in the articles to identify what is known, unknown, and needed for further study is present, but it lacks detail or is incomplete. | An analysis of evidence in the articles to identify what is known, unknown, and needed for further study is present. | An analysis of evidence in the articles to identify what is known, unknown, and needed for further study is clearly provided and well developed. | A comprehensive analysis of evidence in the articles to identify what is known, unknown, and needed for further study is thoroughly developed with supporting details. | |||
| Required Sources | 5.0% | Sources are not included. | Number of required sources is only partially met. | Number of required sources is met, but sources are outdated or inappropriate. | Number of required sources is met. Sources are current, but not all sources are appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content. | Number of required resources is met. Sources are current, and appropriate for the assignment criteria and nursing content. | |||
| Organization and Effectiveness | 20.0% | ||||||||
| Thesis Development and Purpose | 7.0% | Paper lacks any discernible overall purpose or organizing claim. | Thesis is insufficiently developed or vague. Purpose is not clear. | Thesis is apparent and appropriate to purpose. | Thesis is clear and forecasts the development of the paper. Thesis is descriptive and reflective of the arguments and appropriate to the purpose. | Thesis is comprehensive and contains the essence of the paper. Thesis statement makes the purpose of the paper clear. | |||
| Argument Logic and Construction | 8.0% | Statement of purpose is not justified by the conclusion. The conclusion does not support the claim made. Argument is incoherent and uses noncredible sources. | Sufficient justification of claims is lacking. Argument lacks consistent unity. There are obvious flaws in the logic. Some sources have questionable credibility. | Argument is orderly, but may have a few inconsistencies. The argument presents minimal justification of claims. Argument logically, but not thoroughly, supports the purpose. Sources used are credible. Introduction and conclusion bracket the thesis. | Argument shows logical progressions. Techniques of argumentation are evident. There is a smooth progression of claims from introduction to conclusion. Most sources are authoritative. | Clear and convincing argument that presents a persuasive claim in a distinctive and compelling manner. All sources are authoritative. | |||
| Mechanics of Writing (includes spelling, punctuation, grammar, language use) | 5.0% | Surface errors are pervasive enough that they impede communication of meaning. Inappropriate word choice or sentence construction is used. | Frequent and repetitive mechanical errors distract the reader. Inconsistencies in language choice (register) or word choice are present. Sentence structure is correct but not varied. | Some mechanical errors or typos are present, but they are not overly distracting to the reader. Correct and varied sentence structure and audience-appropriate language are employed. | Prose is largely free of mechanical errors, although a few may be present. The writer uses a variety of effective sentence structures and figures of speech. | Writer is clearly in command of standard, written, academic English. | |||
| Format | 10.0% | ||||||||
| Paper Format (Use of appropriate style for the major and assignment) | 5.0% | Template is not used appropriately or documentation format is rarely followed correctly. | Template is used, but some elements are missing or mistaken; lack of control with formatting is apparent. | Template is used, and formatting is correct, although some minor errors may be present. | Template is fully used; There are virtually no errors in formatting style. | All format elements are correct. | |||
| Documentation of Sources (citations, footnotes, references, bibliography, etc., as appropriate to assignment and style) | 5.0% | Sources are not documented. | Documentation of sources is inconsistent or incorrect, as appropriate to assignment and style, with numerous formatting errors. | Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, although some formatting errors may be present. | Sources are documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is mostly correct. | Sources are completely and correctly documented, as appropriate to assignment and style, and format is free of error. | |||
| Total Weightage | 100% | ||||||||
| Course Code | Class Code | ||||||||
| NUR-550 | NUR-550-O101 | Benchmark – Part A: Population Health Research and PICOT Statement | 250.0 | ||||||
| Criteria | Percentage | Unsatisfactory (0.00%) | Less than Satisfactory (80.00%) | Satisfactory (88.00%) | Good (92.00%) |
Excellent (100.00%) |
Comments | Points Earned | |
| Content | 70.0% | ||||||||
| Population Description, Including Demographics and Health Concerns | 10.0% | A description of the population, including demographics and health concerns, is not included. | A description of the population, including demographics and health concerns, is present, but it lacks detail or is incomplete. | A description of the population, including demographics and health concerns, is present. | A description of the population, including demographics and health concerns, is clearly provided and well developed. | A comprehensive description of the population, including demographics and health concerns, is thoroughly developed with supporting details. | |||
| Synthesis of Nursing Science, Determinants of Health, and Epidemiologic, Genomic, and Genetic Data in the Management of Population Health (4.1) | 20.0% | A discussion of nursing science, determinants of health, and epidemiologic, genomic, and genetic data in the management of population health is not included. | A discussion of nursing science, determinants of health, and epidemiologic, genomic, and genetic data in the management of population health is present, but it lacks detail or is incomplete. | A discussion of nursing science, determinants of health, and epidemiologic, genomic, and genetic data in the management of population health is present. | A discussion of nursing science, determinants of health, and epidemiologic, genomi
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